Adjusting means for cutting tools, arbors, chucks, collets, &amp;c.



0.1". HEINKEL.

ADJUSTING MEANS FOR CUTTING TOOLS, ARBORS, OHUGKS, GOLLBTS, 6w.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNEB. 1910.

1,081,937. Patented Dec. 16, 1913.

44, f Mam/0r:

am ay COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH C0..WA$H|NOTON n WNKTED @TATES @lhllifQiiE.

CHRISTIAN F. HEINKEL, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

ADJUSTING MEANS FOR CUTTING TOOLS, ARBORS, CHUCKS, COLLETS, &c.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Cmus'rmN F. Humane, acitizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county ofGuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful AdjustingMeans for Cutting Tools, Arbors, Chucks, Collets, &c., of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to adjusting means which are well adapted to sucharticles as cutting tools, arbors, chucks, collets, and the like, andthe main object of my invention is a simple and e'ilicient adjustingmeans which is easy of operation, positive in its adjustment, andetlicient in maintaining its adjustment; other objects will appearhereinafter.

I attain these objects, broadly speaking, by engaging a threaded coneface of an adjusting means with a threaded and conical opening in anadjustable body, or vice versa, the sides of the threads being arrangedto perform a particular function in addition to the usual function of athread.

The annexed d 'awing and the following description set forth in detail acertain arrangement of parts for carrying out the invention, suchdisclosed arrangement of parts, however, constituting but one of Variousforms and arrangements in which the principle of the invention may beapplied.

In said annexed drawing: Figure I is a section on line XX of Fig. II;Fig. II is an end view of Fig. I; and Fig. III is a diagrannnatical viewon a larger scale illustrating the principle of the thread arrangementmore fully.

Similar characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The said drawing illustrates an adjustable reamer which consists,principally, of a body 1, of an adjusting cone 2, and of a plurality ofcutter blades or teeth 8. Said body 1, in this instance, is made of softbut rather tough material, either forged or cast, and is provided with aplurality of slots which are adapted to receive said cutter blades 3, aswill appear hereinafter. At the front end body 1 is provided with aconical and threaded opening 41: which is adapted to receive saidadjusting cone 2, as Will appear hereinafter. The rear iortion of body 1provided with a suitable slot 5 for the purpose of driving connectionbetween the reamer proper and a suitable shank. Body 1 further has acentral bore 6 adapted to re- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 8, 1910.

atentcd ]Dec. 16,1915.

Serial No. 565,728.

eeive a shank, and a countcrbore 7 for the purpose of reducing thequantity of material near the end of teeth 3 so that the front part ofbody 1 fan spring in or out more readily as will appear here'iiuifter.Body 1 is rendered adjustable by providing slits 8, preferably one slitfor each tooth 3; these slits 8 are cut through the shell like portionof body 1 and extend, preferably, some distance beyond the rear end ofteeth 3, thus forming prong like projections on body 1 which can besprung outward or inward as the nlanipulation of adjusting cone 2 mayoccasion. Since in thus dividing the front part of body 1., the severalsaid projections are separated at the front. end and likely to vibrateor chatter when the tool is in use, it is therefore essential to providea locking means which either joins said projections at the front endafter adjustment, or locks said projections in a rigid or ell'cctivemanner after adjustment. This I accomplish by the undercut threads aswill appear hereinafter. An additional safeguard, to prevent suchchatter, is to lock said projections. A ctnivenient means foraccomplishing this result is to provide lock screws 9 which have aconical head, are screwed into body 1, preferably in the center of slits8, and are adapted to force said projections apart, or in other words,these lock screws 9 unite body 1 at the front end, or in a measure fillup the slits 8. thus locking the front part of body 1 and preventingvibration in the said projections and consequent chatter in the tool.For convenience of manufacture, the openings for screws 5) should bedrilled and tapped or otherwise provided in body 1 before slits 9 arecut, inasmuch as tapping a hole which is traversed by a slot or slit isnot an easy operation, as well. known in the art. The said prongs orprojections, being under tension when the tool is in 110illltll orworking condition, adjusting cone 2 will be held in position by thefriction between said prongs and said cone 9. as will appearhereimrfter, but an additional locking means for cone 2 may be providedas a safeguard. A convenient means for that purpose is one or more setscrews 10 1nounted in body 1 and adapted to be forced upon said cone 2and hold it in its proper posi tion, but it is preferred to provideshoes 11 of soft material, so that the threads on said cone 9 may not beinjured by the point of the set screw.

Adjusting cone 2 is provided with a central bore 6* to receive the frontpart of a shank, and is further provided with a thread on its cone facewhich thread is adapted to engage the said thread of the conical openingl in body 1. For the purpose of easy comprehension, and to illustrate mypre ferred arrangement of the threads upon the cone face more fully andon a larger scale than Figs. 1 and H, the Fig. III is added. In thisFig. Ill, X represents the longitudinal axis, as for instance the axisof the reamer shown in Figs. I and H, Y represents the apex of thethread and Z represents a plane perpendicular to the axis X and passingthrough the apex Y. When extending the side a of this thread, the line bis produced, and when extending the side a of the thread, the line (Z isproduced. The line 5 passes through the apex Y and forms the angles 6and f; the angle 6 being less than ninety degrees with the plane Z andthe angle f being less than ninety degrees with the axis X; and the linea lies upon one side of the plane Z. The line cl passes through the apexY and forms the angles g and it; the angle 9 being less than ninetydegrees with the plane Z and the angle it being less than ninety degreeswith the axis X; and the line 0 lies upon the same side of the plane Zas the side a. Vith this arrangement, undercuts are formed by both sidesof the thread and the adjustable member which, in this instance, isrepresented by A is prevented from expanding radially by reason of theundercut produced by the disposition of the side a and is also preventedfrom contracting radially by reason of the adjusting member which, inthis instance, is represented by B, being in position and beingprevented fro-m longitudinal movement by reason of the undercut producedby the disposition of the side 0. In this arrangement, a sixty degreethread is shown and the undercuts formed by the sides a and 0 are alike;the length of the sides a and 0 are also alike which is possible onlywhen the line C forms an angle of forty-five degrees with the axis X.When this line C has an inclination of more or less than forty-fivedegrees with the axis X, and the undercuts formed by both sides of thethread are alike, the sides a and c will not be of equal length.

It is obvious that the inclination of the sides a and 0 as well as theline C may be varied to suit any general or special purpose, condition,or requirement. F or instance, the side a may be inclined more to theplane Z than shown in Fig. 1H. Vflien this side a approaches very nearto the plane Z, or even coincides therewith, the member A should belocked in position in some manner. Likewise, when the side 0 approachesvery near,

or coincides with a line parallel with the axis X, the member B shouldbe locked in position in some manner.

Generally speaking, as long as the sides a and c are disposed on oneside of the plane Z and the angles and h are each less than ninetydegrees with the axis X and such disposition of the sides a and c iswithin reasonable limits no locking means is required for either of themembers A and B except, possibly, when very heavy duty is required or asa safeguard. The duty required of the adjusting means in each particularcase should determine the best disposition of the thread, theinclination of the cone face, and the locking means when necessary ordesirable.

It is understood that the threads employed in this invention arecontinuous, similar to the threads on a screw, but are out upon aconical face, whereas the threads of an ordinary screw are out upon acylindrical face, and it is further understood that, in the descriptionof the diagrammatical view, no account is taken of the friction betweenthe threads. Such description will follow hereinafter.

The teeth or cutter blades 3 may be driven into body 1 as shown, orsecured thereto in any other suitable manner such as molecularly unitedto body 1, or cast into body 1, or formed directly upon the body 1.

For convenience in adjusting this tool, a zero line 0 may be provided onbody 1 and the outer edge of adjusting cone 2 may be graduated with-asuitable number of gradu ations consistent with the pitch of the threadand the angle of the conical face, so that each graduation line mayrepresent some fractional standard measurement, as for instance onethousandth of an inch.

After the several parts of this tool are made up and when assembled andready for final grinding of the cutting edges, the adjusting cone 2should be screwed in so that the said prongs with their teeth expandsufficiently to put some tension onto said prongs; the tool may then beground to its required size. vVhen such tension is existent, sufficientfriction is caused by such tension to hold adjusting cone 2 and saidprongs in position without any further aid, excepting, possibly, thelocking means hereinafter described as a safeguard when heavy duty isrequired of the tool.

The operation of this adjusting means is as follows: l/Vhen rotatingadjusting cone 2 by means of a suitable wrench inserted into any of theopenings 12 provided for that purpose, adjusting cone 2 will movelongitudinally, either outward from the tool or in toward the toolsimilar to an ordinary screw thread, but the threads being out upon aconical face and consequently disposed at an angle with the axis of thetool, and not parallel as in an ordinary screw, the said prongs with theteeth will be forced in or out radially and uniformly (the threads beingcontinuous) corresponding to the lead of the thread and to the directionof rotation of said cone. After the tool is so set to the size required,screw 10 is tightened to prevent further rotation of cone 2, and screws9 are tightened to lock or connect the front part of said prongs toprevent chatter, when such locking means are provided. When such lockingmeans are not provided, adjusting cone 2 is rotated to adjust the toolto a required size and no further locking operation is necessary sincethe combination of the friction between said threads and the undercutsthereon will hold the tool in its adjusted position.

The angular relations between the several lines illustrated in thediagrammatical view can, of course, be varied, but it is desirable thateach side of said threads form an undercut so that both members may beheld in position by the friction between said threads and the undercutsso formed; a locking means may then be provided as a safeguard only.

In similar adjustable cutting tools, previously made, no undercutthreads were provided, and to prevent digging in an additional lockingmeans was necessary which adds to the cost of construction, operation,and maintenance, whereas, in this invention, the undercut threads lockthe tool in its ad justed position, due to the wedging action of saidundercut threads, by simply manipulating the adjusting member. No otherparts or extra operation of such other parts being necessary, adjustingand locking of the tool is accomplished in one operation and cost ofconstruction is reduced.

It will be seen that this adjusting means is very simple and eflicient,easy of manipulation, positive in operation and maintenance ofadjustment, and capable of a wide rang of adjustment, particularly sowhen counterbore 7 is provided.

I claim:

1. The combination with an adjustable member having a screw-thread, bothsides of said thread lying on the same side of a plane perpendicular tothe longitudinal axis of the said member and passing through the apex ofthe thread, an adjusting member provided with a similarly formed threadand adapted to engage the first mentioned screw-thread.

2. The combination with an adjustable member having a screw-thread, bothsides of said thread extending at an angle of less than ninety degreesto the longitudinal axis of the said member and upon the same side of aplane perpendicular to the said axis and passing through the apex of thethread, an

adjusting member provided with a similarly formed thread and adapted toengage the first mentioned screw-thread, and means for locking theadjusting member in position.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination with a hollowbody having flexible prongs which are free at one end, there being aconical screw-tln'eaded recess formed in the ends of said prongs, aconical member having screw-threads upon the inclined face thereof, andadapted to engage the screw-threads upon the ends of the aforesaidprongs, and plugs inserted between the adjacent prongs to hold the sameand prevent vibration thereof.

4. The combination with a hollow body having flexible prongs which arefree at one end, there being a conical screw-tln-eaded recess formed inthe ends of said prongs, the sides of each of said threads lying on thesame side of a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the saidmember and passing through the apex of the thread, an inclined memberhaving similarly formed screw-threads upon the inclined surface thereof,scrcw-tln'eads on the inclined memher being adapted to engage the firstmentioned screw-tln'eads to adjust the said prongs and to hold the samein adjusted position.

The combination with a hollow body having flexible prongs which are freeat one end, there being a conical screw'threaded recess formed in theends of said prongs, the sides of each of said threads extending at anangle of less than ninety degrees to the longitudinal axis of the saidmember and upon the same side of a plane perpemlicnlar to the said axisand passing through the apex of the thread, an inclined member havingsimilarly formed sorew-thremls upon the inclined surface thereof andbeing adapted to engage the first mentioned member to adjust said prongsand to hold the device in adjusted position.

6. An adjustable cutting tool comprising a hollow body having tiexiblePlOiigS, the ends of which are free, cutting members mounted upon saidprongs, there being a conical screw-t'hreaded recess formed in the endsof said prongs, the sides of each of said threads lying on the same sideof a plane perpemlienlar to the longitudinal axis of the said member andpassing through the apex of the thread, a conical member havingsimilarly formed screw-threads upon the inclined surface thereof,screw-threads upon the conical member being adapted to engage the firstmentioned serew-thrcads to adjust said prongs and hold the same inadjusted position.

7. An adjustable cutting tool cmnprising a hollow body having flexibleprongs, the ends of which are free, cutting members mounted upon saidprongs, there being a face thereof, screw-threads upon the conical 10conical screw-threaded recess formed in the member being adapted toengage the first ends of said prongs, the sides of each of mentionedscreW-threads to adjust said said threads extending at an angle of lessprongs and to hold the tool in adjusted posithan ninety degrees to thelongitudinal axis tion.

of the said member and upon the same side CHRISTIAN F. HEINKEL. of aplane passing through the apex of the WVitnesses:

thread, a conical member having similarly HENRY R. SYDoN,

formed screw-threads upon the inclined sur- ELMER G. ESSIG.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe "Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

